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Sources

The citation index

Every numeric or historical claim on the site is sourced. The full bibliography lives in KNOWLEDGEBASE.md (project repository). This page indexes the principal sources by section.

Skeptical and non Christian sources are cited heavily where they confirm or concede points: Bart Ehrman (agnostic), E. P. Sanders, Geza Vermes, A. N. Sherwin White, Pinchas Lapide. The site argues from evidence, not from authority.

Open · One question matters

  • 1 Corinthians 15:14
  • Daniel B. Wallace, manuscript counts.

Section 01 · A universe rather than nothing

  • Borde, Guth, Vilenkin, Physical Review Letters, 2003.
  • Roger Penrose, The Road to Reality, 2004.
  • David Chalmers, The Conscious Mind, 1996.

Section 02 · Three things a monotheism has to do

  • 1 John 4:8.
  • Larry Hurtado, Lord Jesus Christ, 2003.
  • Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the God of Israel, 2008.

Section 03 · 5,800 manuscripts

  • Daniel B. Wallace, Revisiting the Corruption of the New Testament, 2011.
  • Bart Ehrman, Misquoting Jesus, 2005.
  • Komoszewski, Sawyer, Wallace, Reinventing Jesus, 2006.

Section 04 · 5 years, not 500

  • 1 Corinthians 15:3 to 7.
  • Bart Ehrman, How Jesus Became God, 2014.
  • A. N. Sherwin White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament, 1963.

Section 05 · Jesus claimed to be God

  • John 8:58, 10:30, 14:9.
  • Mark 2:5 to 7, 14:61 to 64.
  • Daniel 7:13 to 14.

Section 06 · The high priest tore his robes

  • Mark 14:61 to 64.
  • Matthew 26:63 to 65.
  • Caiaphas ossuary, Jerusalem 1990.
  • Pilate Stone, Caesarea Maritima 1961.

Section 07 · Virtually certain

  • Tacitus, Annals 15.44.
  • Josephus, Antiquities 18.3.3, 20.9.1.
  • Vassilios Tzaferis, Israel Exploration Journal, 1970.

Section 08 · The tomb was empty

  • Mark 16:1 to 8.
  • Matthew 28:1 to 10, 28:11 to 15.
  • Luke 24:1 to 12.
  • John 20:1 to 10.
  • N. T. Wright, The Resurrection of the Son of God, 2003.

Section 09 · Six pillars

  • 1 Corinthians 15:3 to 8.
  • Galatians 1:18 to 19, 2:9.
  • John 7:5.
  • Acts 9, 22, 26.
  • Habermas and Licona, The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus, 2004.

Section 10 · Pull a pillar, the roof falls

  • David Strauss, The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, 1835.
  • A. N. Sherwin White, 1963.
  • Habermas and Licona, 2004, ch. 7.
  • William Lane Craig, The Son Rises, 1981.

Section 11 · Names, not legends

  • Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 2nd ed., 2017.
  • Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History 3.39.
  • 1 Corinthians 15:5 to 8.
  • Tal Ilan, Lexicon of Jewish Names in Late Antiquity, 2002.

Section 12 · From hiding to martyrdom

  • Mark 14:50, 14:66 to 72.
  • John 20:19.
  • Acts 2, 7, 12.
  • Josephus, Antiquities 20.9.1.
  • Sean McDowell, The Fate of the Apostles, 2015.

Section 13 · Written centuries before

  • Isaiah 53:1 to 12.
  • Psalm 22:1, 7, 14, 16, 18.
  • Daniel 9:24 to 27.
  • Israel Antiquities Authority, deadseascrolls.org.il.
  • Walter Kaiser, The Messiah in the Old Testament, 1995.

Section 14 · Lord, Liar, Lunatic, Legend

  • C. S. Lewis, Mere Christianity, 1952.
  • Philippians 2:6 to 11.
  • Pliny the Younger, Letters 10.96.

Section 15 · Five alternatives, briefly

  • Quran, Surah 4:157.
  • Pinchas Lapide, 1979.
  • Vinoth Ramachandra, Faiths in Conflict?, 1999.
  • Aloysius Pieris, An Asian Theology of Liberation, 1988.
  • Paul Williams, The Unexpected Way, 2002.

Section 16 · God in the suffering, not above it

  • Mackie, "Evil and Omnipotence," Mind, 1955.
  • Rowe, American Philosophical Quarterly, 1979.
  • Plantinga, God, Freedom, and Evil, 1974.
  • C. S. Lewis, The Problem of Pain, 1940.
  • N. T. Wright, Evil and the Justice of God, 2006.

Section 18 · Sources, in full

  • See content/18-sources.md for the full index.